The EFI has federal type of organizational structure with its activities distributed over a central body and the regional committee. The central body comprises of the President, Executive Committee, the Secretariat, and the General Body. In the constitution, there is provision for a technical committee to advice and deal with specific issues. EFI also has a HR Committee, and a committee to interface between the association and industry.

Executive Committee: Following reorganization, an Executive Committee was established comprising of the President, four or more Vice Presidents, the Director General, two representatives from each of the regions, and not more than six members co-opted from among the honorary members. The committee holds office for a year. The President and the Secretary are ex-officio members of the committee. The Vice-Presidents and other members are all formally appointed by the annual general meeting after nomination by the regional committee.

The Chairmen of the four regional committees are the ex-officio Vice Presidents of the Federation. Each regional committee also nominates few other members to represent them on the executive committee. Thus there are no elections for membership of the committee at the annual general meetings and election takes place at the regional committee level. There are currently four honorary members who are co-opted to the executive committee. The executive committee has the power to set up sub-committees for dealing with special problems.

The Secretariat: It is primarily concerned with servicing the executive committee as also providing direct services to members. Where expertise is required, the services of honorary members and the specialist staff of member firms and organizations can be called upon. Among the staff, only the Secretary/Director General comes into close contact with members. He is a member of the Executive Committee and represents the Federation on various Committees.

Regional Committee: PHD Chamber in Delhi, Bengal Chamber of Commerce & Industry, Employer's Federation of Southern India respectively represent EFI in north, east and southern regions of India. Each Regional Committee keeps the Central Secretariat informed of its activities, so that the Director General or Secretary General may, if found necessary, take up issues of general importance at an all-India level.

The Regional Committees fulfill three functions: First, they provide a forum for discussing issues of national importance such as draft legislation and provide feedback to headquarters on the views of the regional committees. Secondly, the regional committees provide a forum for raising and discussing local matters. Thirdly, they provide a meeting point for members who, otherwise, would probably not have contact with one another, as members of EFI.